Thursday, 30 January 2014

Documentary

Documentary for Research On The Psychological Thriller Genre


This is all our research summed up into one documentary. We talk about the history of the genre, codes and conventions, target audience and then discuss our overall findings and how all this information is going to help with our opening scene. 
There are some things that could have been done to this documentary to make it better, for instance ate the beginning, there could have been more clips and voice overs when talking about the history of the genre. Also we could have incorporated more clips into this documentary. Apart from a few things, there are many things that worked well in this documentary because there was a range of techniques used like voice overs etc.. and managed to put the information and research across well, also because of this documentary we now know roughly what we shall and shall not do in the opening of our film for this genre. 




Target Audience

Mood board For The Target Audience

Demographics



These pictures were chosen because they suited our target audience and what their interests are, what they do in their free time etc.. the best. The Facebook and Twitter logos were chosen due to our target audience using the internet a lot in their free time. There are also instruments like a guitar and music notes around the mood board due to our target audience taking an interest in music and musical instruments. Books are there because are target audience like to read and are still taking part in an education. All of the images on the mood board are representative of what our target audience are like and gives us more of an overview of what kind of people we are aiming our film opening at. To help gather these images we used a focus group and an interview to allow us to know more about the demographics. 

'What do you like to do in your free time?' We asked our focus group this question and found that the most popular activities were; reading, watching films, watching TV, socializing, going online and exercising. The most popular out of these 6 were socializing and going online. 



'What are your hobbies?' We asked our focus group this question and found that the most popular activities were; making videos, playing a musical instrument, doing arty things like drawing, make up etc.. exercising and reading. The most popular out of these 5 were exercising and reading.



Findings 

These were the questions and answers to the questionnaire on surveymonkey

These were the basic questions:

 Majority of the people whom took this survey were female and the main age range was 16-17 years old and the most watched psychological thriller was 'Silence of the Lambs' at 50%. 

What Do You Expect?

We asked the question of 'What do you expect from a typical psychological thriller opening' and these were the answers we received

                       







What do you not expect?

We also asked them what they 'Do not expect to see in a psychological thriller' these were our responses. 






What stock characters?

We asked them 'What stock characters do you expect to see in a psychological thriller?' The most popular response was an outcasted teen/child and then Policeman/investigator and councillor/therapist coming in close also. These were the top 3 responses.



What Roles do you expect them to play?

We then also asked them what roles they expect these stock characters to play, these were the responses:

 
 
               


What Stock Settings Do You Expect?

We asked them also what stock settings they expect to see in a psychological thriller and the most popular response was a mental hospital and then home/bedroom and fields/outside/deserted coming in close. These were the top 3 responses.



Do They Require Supernatural Element? 

We asked them if psychological thrillers require the use of a supernatural element and the most popular response was 60-70% saying no they do not require the use of a supernatural element.


Scary and Something Out of The Ordinary?

We also asked them if psychological thrillers need to be scary and something out of the ordinary and 90% said yes they do. 


Sunday, 26 January 2014

History of the Genre

Psychological Thriller: a brief history


Alfred Hitchcock
Psychological thrillers mainly started in the 1920's where technology was very limited so the movies that were produced weren't very clear or realistic compared to today, 'The Lodger' was a British psychological thriller produced in 1926 by Alfred Hitchcock, a very well known British producer and director and mainly worked with psychological thrillers. This film was black and white and was silent meaning that the full effect could not be created due to music and sound playing major part in the psychological thriller genre. Hitchcock started adding colour to his films in 1950's with his first one being 'Strangers on a train' in 1951.


  


 Over time, psychological thrillers have become much more
gory, violent, bad language and involved sexual scenes like rape, in the 1980's 'Brimstone and treacle' was released (1982) with an age 18 rating and contained these elements. 

Over the years the film ratings have gone up meaning that this genre has gotten scarier and gorier. In the present day different types of technology has been used and the use of camera shots, angles and how the scene cuts and edits and 
music is what makes these films scarier. Psychological thrillers have come a long way since the 1920's.



Older psychological thrillers:



                         


Interview with the man himself Alfred Hitchcock:

                                   

Friday, 24 January 2014

Focus Group

The Focus Group


These are the clips that we showed to our focus group:


The Sixth Sense:

We Need To Talk About Kevin

This is our focus group in action:







By doing the focus group we managed to find out a lot more about what our target audience likes and dislikes and now feel much more confident about what we should and shouldn't do in our opening. It was good to do a focus group because it turned into a discussion and we can't always rely on questionnaires because some people may give socially desirable answers or may not do what was completely asked of them. 


Q & A

These were the sheets that we gave to our focus group

 



Questions asked:


When we did our focus group we had a very diverse range of 10 people and all together there were, 7 girls and 3 boys and these are the questions that we gave them and they had to write down the answers in preparation for discussion:








'Personal' for Demographics

1) What are your hobbies?
2) Age
3) Gender
4) How do you usually spend your free time?
5) How often do you watch psychological thrillers?

'We Need To Talk About Kevin' questionnaire: People said what they thought of this opening

1) What are your impressions of this opening scene?
2) What did you like about this opening?
3) What did you dislike about this opening?
4) What are your expectations of a psychological thriller?
5) Did this opening meet your expectations?


'The Sixth Sense' questionnaire: People said what they thought of this opening

1) What are your impressions of this opening scene?
2) What did you like about this opening?
3) What did you dislike about this opening?
4) What are your expectations of a psychological thriller?
5) Did this opening meet your expectations?

These are the answers that were received to the questionnaires:


'Personal'

By asking these questions we found out more about our target audience


1) Watching TV, internet, going cinema, shopping, going out with friends, piano, guitar, knitting, drawing, music, films, jogging, free running, gym, reading, tutoring, eating, nail art, make up, walking with dog, zumba, making videos

2) 6 x 17 years old and 4 x 16 years old

3) 7 x female and 3 x male

4) Films, cinema, friends, TV, researching Da Vinci, internet, youtube, jogging, exercise, reading, movies, sleeping, shopping, relaxing

5) Every now and then, not often, often, once a month, once a week, occasionally


'The Sixth Sense'



1) Music has a tense, mysterious tone which is good because it builds up the atmosphere, introduction of the couple gives a hint of how their relationship may alter/change and be affected as film develops - seems happy to begin with but atmosphere changes to portray sense that something bad will happen when 3rd character comes in, seems like a nice scene when celebrating and relaxed but as an audience we know something is going to go wrong, very exciting,sets scene of film, credits really long which isn't great to sit and watch, starts off normal - contrasts later, foreshadowing, likeable and relate to characters, good, scary, tense, plot twist, shocking, exciting

2) Music and camera develops and sets up atmosphere, violent intro of a psycho character, dramatic music, foreboding music, something wrong, close shot of bulb, shelf and objects at start emphasise scene, clear intro of theme, mystery of what man does and why the ex-patient comes back, background music, good atmosphere which is maintained,questions left unanswered, enigma, twist of someone broke into house, do not see boy in bathroom kill himself but implied, slow conversation contrasts to shooting, how the frame for good work gives info about character- likeable, contrast between normality and disruption, guy half naked shows vulnerability & his body language, likeable characters, attachment to characters straight away, tension and enigma as to why man killed other man, credits fit with music, good introduction, makes you want to know what the rest of the film is going to be like, good build up to scary situation, surprising. 

3) Character committing suicide is cliche, credits were way too long, (one person thought the credits were long but good)  

4) Deep development of a complex character as they encounter different situations, often involves disturbing scenes and personal emotional battles, slow pace to quick pace, low key lighting, innocent victims, disturbance, eerie music, foreboding, flashing images, thrill you psychologically, normality established before disruption to emphasise change, effective music when disruption occurs, verisimilitude, tense start with plot twist, creepy, mess with your head.

5) - Yes, in the sense it bluntly introduces a psychologically damaged character.
-Yes, because there is a twist and disruption which breaks the equilibrium
-Yes
-Yes, set the tone and pace
-Yes
-Yes
-Yes, because we were given a false belief of safety and everything would be alright
-Yes
-Yes
-Yes

'We Need To Talk About Kevin'



1) Very confusing, creates enigma as to what is going on and why this is very good, music builds up suspense,gloomy tense feeling, good transition from bright light to crowd, build up with curtains adds tension, mysterious, don't know what is going on, doesn't give a lot away which is good, odd, abnormal, random,

2) Interesting, not sure what is happening which leads to making you intrigued, good confusion with the crowd: is it blood, food?, curtains build up tension, good how the red theme continues with the character when introduced-hints at psychological disorder present in one of the characters, camera shots of large crowd but with muffled sounds almost like a dream, quietness keeps your focus, leaves open for interpretations, sounds create enigma, red is effective theme, lack of sound/music is eerie, child singing is creepy but good, lack of people talking, build of anticipation, doesn't give anything away of the plot, unsettling noises, slow camera movements etc, the titles; how it emphasises Kevin and build up if clock ticking

3) Confused,doesn't give many clues to what will happen with the plot, don't find out much about protagonist, child singing is cliche, no idea what was going on, no link between window and mob of people, don't relate to characters unlike the sixth sense, too random at times, awkward silence at very beginning, 

4) Conforms to stereotype of children, involves someone with characteristics to do not conform to social norms, mystery but not too confusing,silence, creepy children, slow, dark lighting, plot twist, paranormal occurrences, psychopaths, flashing images,twists and turns, make you jump at times,

5) - Yes, because left room for development and didn't give too much away making it interesting and intriguing.
- Yes, because it set up the scene and focused on one area (window) without explaining, creating mystery, didn't explain a lot meaning not knowing a lot meaning easier to scare and plot twists and surprises because of the lack of knowledge
- Yes, because of suspense, stock settings, eerie
- Yes, it set the tone
- Yes, because messes with your head
- yes, because it was confusing making you want to watch more/all of it to understand it
- Doesn't allow much to be known about what going on

These are examples of the types of answers and how they were written:


A problem with what we did was that we asked the focus group to write their answers on paper and then we would put them on survey monkey, but this did not work so had to result to typing out the answers individually... also on the personal questionnaire, questions 1 and 4 were roughly similar so got similar answers.. also we asked the same question twice on the 'Sixth Sense' and 'Kevin' questionnaire (question 4) we should have done this as one big separate question and answer and also sometimes some people would not fill out every answer. We also should have explained more on what question 1 was asking them on 'Sixth Sense' and 'Kevin' questionnaire because some people would write the wrong sort of things. Apart from a few flaws of the questioning of the focus group, we still managed to find out a fair bit about our target audience and we got a lot of information in general about what they expect from psychological thrillers etc... We now feel much more confident about what we should and shouldn't do in our opening. 


Interview With A Friend


We interviewed our 16 year old female friend and asked the same questions, it was good to do this because learnt more about our target audience and got more in depth answers. 



Tuesday, 21 January 2014

Looking At Openings

We Need To Talk About Kevin Opening

Creation of Enigma

At the start of this opening we are gradually, slowly moving towards a pair of bright white curtains in a very dark, low key room, this builds up the enigma due to us thinking something will be behind the curtains, we ask ourselves questions like, why are we being shown this? As we get closer to the curtains the non-diegetic ticking noise gets louder and more rapid, then the camera gets so close to the curtains and fades out to edit to another scene, it feels as if we have gone through the curtains ourselves. There is a bunch of people all covered in red stuff, we have no idea what it is and why people are being the way that they are, we have no idea what is going on. There is the sound of screaming and shouts but they are very blurred and everything is very slow, almost like a dream state. When the woman wakes up, she knocks some pills on the floor, see them with a close up shot connoting their importance, what are they for? Then she goes outside and there is red stuff like the very beginning of the film, all over her house, why? Has she done something wrong? Is she not liked? Does she not live in a nice neighbourhood? There is then a straight cut to a new house where it is almost as if we are walking towards the little girl, this is handheld camera movement, when we get to the girl we see that she is wearing an eye patch, why? what happened? But whilst we are going towards the girl it seems as if something is going to happen or jump out due to the eeriness, quietness and sneakiness and the only sound that can be heard is the girl singing, when she turns around we have no idea who it is that she is looking at, we want to know. 

Introduction of Characters

We get introduced to 4 characters in this opening, we see some sort of connection between them all via the use of edits and how they are edited together. We see the obvious connection between the young girl, man and teen boy, but the woman's connection is less obvious. We learn that the protagonist (the woman) lives on her own and she is on some form of medication connoting she has some sort of problem, physically or mentally. Also, the little girl, we learn has some sort of injury or something due to the eye patch of which we see when we have a close up on her face. We get introduced to the characters but don't get the full amount of information, just threads that need to be tied together.



Only watch up to around 06:35

Pace and Rhythm 

Everything from camera movements and edits are slow, especially at the very beginning which creates a dream like state and creates enigma and connotes that it is trying to show us something and that it is important. Also, the slowness could be due to us needing to familiarize ourselves with these characters and need to absorb whatever we can about them. The woman, who seems to be somewhat unstable, has the most slow edits and movements connoting that she hasn't got much to live for and just takes everything slowly and as it comes.

Setting up the Plot

By connecting the characters via edits and showing us these characters and not really showing any other characters apart from this 4, it connotes that this is what the film is going to focus around and that these characters are going to be the centre of the plot. This opening scene leaves a lot to the imagination, especially with the woman and what she has been framed with, for example, the red on her house makes us think has she done something bad? etc..

Mood and Tone

There is a sad, slow mood and tone when the woman is in the frame, but with the man, little girl and teen boy we get a happy, friendly tone and mood and a very family orientated setting. This is very contrasting, so when they are edited together, you see this contrast massively because the woman is in the frame alone all the time, but the man, little girl and teen boy are framed together, or with at least someone else if not all together.

Looking At Openings

The Butterfly Effect 3: Revelations Opening

This opening scene was very interesting because it was very different to other psychological thriller openings I have looked at and analysed. 

Creation of Enigma

There are shots of a park, boy on a swing and his mother,which would fade in and out to reveal the opening credits. The music throughout this part is very soft and sweet and gives off the impression of relaxation and peace and gives no impression that this is going to be a psychological thriller. But, on the other hand, when we get a shot of the mother the music darkens and deepens connoting that the mother isn't all she seems, but she gives a different impression when with her son. The music goes back to normal not long after. These fade ins and outs keep us on the edge of our seats because we are expecting something to happen because it is building tension. There are a few long shots which makes the viewer feel as if they are watching them we are also hardly ever up close to the mother and son creating the feeling of us watching them, then there was a medium shot of a man in a black jumper in the bushes watching the mother and son, why? He keeps checking his watch, why? We end up asking ourselves questions like why is someone after a mother and son, they look completely harmless, especially a child. when the mother gets murdered we once again ask, why? Why kill her? She has a son! Why do it in front of him?! She seems lovely and innocent and loves her son. Also the man in the bushes stands and watches this event happen, why doesn't he help?! We find out why after the titles are finished with.


Introduction of Characters

We get introduced to the mother and son and a masked murderer, we also get introduced to the man in the bushes who turns out to be the hero, he has special abilities where he can sort of go back in time, witness a crime and then help the police solve the case. After the titles, we learn this with the help of seeing him hooked up in a bath to a bunch of wires and is being helped by a woman but we do not know their relationship status with one another, but we learn her name because she says it aloud in a condescending, mimicking tone to him. We are introduced to all these characters but can't fully make any links as of yet. 



Pace and Rhythm 

Everything is very slow paced to start off with to give off the impression that it is relaxing, happy and nothing bad can/will happen. But, when the mother gets murdered everything speeds up and the slow rhythm and pace is interrupted and things no longer look peaceful and calm and nice, even when we get the long shot to show the nice environment and weather. When the man jumps out behind the mother, we jump because it is completely unexpected and is completely out of nowhere. When she is unlocking the door, things seem to be going slower and camera angles change so its like we are sitting in the car watching with a close up view of the events and this is when it gets bad and she is murdered. 

Setting up the Plot 

We find out that someone (a mother) has died and we do not know who the murderer is, hopefully this will get revealed later on in the plot, also we find out that somehow this man can go back into the past and witness events and can then help with the police case. 

Mood and Tone

At first there is a happy, calm tone and looks as though nothing bad can happen, there is high key lighting of which we associate with good things (low key lighting is what we associate with bad things) It stays this way until the new sets of credits come up after the mothers death. Everything is slow connoting that there isn't a care in the world and there is all the time in the world, but when the mother is getting murdered the music gets louder, much more chilling, pitchier, but there is still high key lighting. The establishing shot connotes that no matter where you are and how beautiful it is, looks are decieving and anything can happen. 




Monday, 20 January 2014

Looking At Openings

The Sixth Sense Opening Scene

This scene opens with white credits on a black screen, the credits fade in and out along with a non-diegetic soundtrack which sounds mysterious and has some loud pitched noise and then goes back to a low one, this is what sets it up to be the psychological thriller because straight away we know that it isn't going to be some happy, romantic comedy film.


Creation of Enigma

After the credits have finished we are welcomed with a black screen and then introduced to a woman walking down into the cellar (a stock setting of this genre) there is then a huge contrast when she walks back upstairs to a romantic,cozy, living room (binary opposite) When the couple go upstairs into the bedroom, the phone is buzzing because it has been disconnected and has fell on the floor and the window has been smashed, why?? The slow movement of a shadow and the woman's little scream and the slow paced camera movements when the man is walking to see who is in the bathroom builds up enigma and tension due to us wanting to know who is in there and we are curious as to why someone has broken into their house. The music throughout then starts to get a little louder and much more faster. When the young man shoots the male protagonist everything is silent and then the gun shot is very loud in comparison, we are then looking down on the characters and are shown that the man is in fact wounded and everything slows down, this creates enigma because we do not know if he is going to live or die because it fades out to a black screen and the music gets much louder.

Introduction to Characters


The characters are introduced very well in this opening sequence, due to us finding out a lot of information about the characters and their relationships. We learn that the protagonist (the man) works in child psychology via his award (showing that he is good at what he does) and the young man in his bathroom, we also find out a lot about the young man in the bathroom even though he isn't a major character, but by having him tell us about himself we get an idea as to what the protagonist's job is and also what he is like as a character, he seems empathetic and wants to help, we are shown this by his speech and how there is a close up on his face and we see his emotions towards the situation. The young man also helps to build up the plot of the story due to shooting the protagonist because it creates a huge plot twist at the end of the film.  'The Next Fall' we learn that the protagonist is indeed alive and we are also straight away introduced to a young boy and learn a lot about him without actually meeting him or hear him speak, due to the close up on the psychology report, also because we know the protagonist is a therapist/councillor, and he has a psychology report on the young boy, we learn that this young boy is a little out sorts and needs some sort of help. 




Pace and Rhythm 

Everything from camera shots, movement and editing is very slow paced creating tension and building up the unknown, even when the frantic and dangerous situation is happening everything still seems slow paced due to wanting to create enigma and tension. Even the credits at the beginning are slow paced. When the young man shoots himself in the head we get a slow pan across the wall and do not see his death but know he shoots himself because of the bullet sound and putting the gun to his head, this acts as if there is no rush and that nothing bad has just happened and even when the young woman runs to the bed it gets slowed down. 

Setting up the Plot

The shooting at the start of is the most major plot set up of the film, even though you don't really realise until the end of the film, if your clever and observant enough you may notice it earlier.If this shooting did not happen, we would not have gotten the information that we did and the plot and ending would have had to have changed and wouldn't have been what it is. Seeing the little boy and psychologists report also sets up the plot because we then know that the film is going to revolve around this little boy and his cognitive issues and the male protagonist is going to help because we learnt earlier on that he is a child psychologist.

Mood and Tone

The credits are the first things to appear on the screen and from this we get a sense of mystery and suspense because we have no idea what is going to occur after these credits, what we are going to see and who we are going to be introduced to. The music was very subtle to start off with but would get a bit louder, pitchier or chilling when intense events were happening like when the protagonist was trying to talk to the young man also when the young man was talking and got angry. At the start in the living room there is some slow jazz music creating a relaxing vibe and romantic vibe, the lighting is high key connoting that they feel safe and love one another. Whereas in the bedroom, the lighting is quite low key creating a scary intense atmosphere. When realisation occured and when the young man was talking about himself, the music got faster and louder, and we start to sympathise with him, music cuts off so when we hear the bullets they have more effect and sound much louder and we notice them more.


Looking At Openings

American Psycho Opening Scene

Creation of Enigma

There is the use of very slow camera movements at first and we are shown some rooms in someone's apartment, it is like we are walking through it ourselves. We are wondering who's apartment it is. When we get introduced to the owner there is a voice over and he starts talking about himself and very intricate details about himself, also some very pointless information, we once again begin to question, why is he telling us all this information? There isn't much enigma created in this opening sequence apart from just leaving us with a bunch of questions and wanting to know what will happen next after he has taken his 'mask' off. 

Introduction to Characters

We learn a lot about the one character we get introduced to, a young male, whom seems to be the protagonist of the film. We are introduced to him by a voice over and him going to the toilet and seeing his reflection in a painting, by zooming in slowly. Even though we only learn small, minute details which seem pointless we get to know a lot about him and how he does seem quite unusual. We find out his name, age, where he lives and on what floor, and then what he does to look after himself and his routine. We see that he is a very clean person and is very tidy, for instance, when we have the over the shoulder shot and see into his cabinet, everything is in a tidy, arranged order also all his rooms are white and pristine, connoting that he does care about himself, his looks and how he lives etc.When he is putting and taking off his 'mask', this is the first time we get a proper close up on his face and see what he looks like, this connotes that he seems to be something that he isn't, everything is just a cherade. 



Pace and Rhythm

Everything is very slow paced and very calm, the non-diegetic classical music in the background is quite loud and overpowering, even till the end the camera shots and movements are are slow paced and the use of the straight cuts creates verisimilitude. The only thing that really changes is the non-diegetic soundtrack which changes from piano music to a slower and colder soundtrack connoting that not all is as it seems and builds up the tension and enigma and makes us want to know what is going to happen next. The pace is slow just like his routine, and the rhythm doesn't change either, everything is stable until the end, connoting that this man is not as he seems. The voice over speed and rhythm is the same throughout this opening also and is quite slow and can hear every word he is saying and take notice of what it is that he is saying, but as the music slows down his tone also changes and not the same as it was before connoting that he lives two lives symbolised by the removing of the mask.  

Setting up the Plot

There isn't really any setting up of the plot, there is mainly characterisation and the plot could go anywhere, for instance, it could go to him being crazy psycho murderer, or just living a normal life, not mentally stable.

Mood and Tone

There is a neutral mood throughout and no evidence that this is going to be a psychological thriller, there is maybe evidence for it being a psychological genre, but not thriller. There is quite a serious, sophisticated tone and a serious mood which connotes that everything has to be taken seriously and the male is a serious person who needs and wants everything to be perfect.





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